Humanities and Social Sciences Series Mutah Lil-Buhuth wad-Dirasat

The Drives behind Sport Commitment among Soccer Players under the Age of (17) in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

Bilal Awad Al Dmour — 2024-04-23

This study aimed at identifying the drives behind sport commitment among the junior soccer players under the age of (17) as well as finding out the impact of the player's age and their training age. The researcher used the descriptive survey approach. The study sample consisted of (76) soccer players who are joining (5) Jordanian clubs, where the clubs were chosen by the random regular way from the records of the Jordanian federation of football. The soccer players were chosen purposively, and they represent the meantcategory. The study used the scale of sport commitment developed by Scanlan et al., (2016), where the researcher verified arbitrators' validity of the scale, after translating it, and its reliability coefficient was found to be (0.97) by using test-pretest methods. In order to analyze the results of the study, the following statistical methods were used: means, standard deviations, Kruskal-Wallis Test, and Mann-Whitney test.

The results showed that the overall level for the domains was within the level of "agree", as it represented the mean of all the domains. As for domains, the results revealed that the third domain (sport enjoyment) gained the first motive among the study samples, as it represented the most important motive of sport commitment among soccer players. The results revealed that there are no statistically significant differences between the first age group (less than 14) and the second age group (14-17). The results revealed that there are no statistically significant differences between the variable of sport commitment and the player's training age. The study recommended the necessity of focusing on measuring the level of sport enjoyment and commitment among the age group (14-17) years old for the distinguished players in order to maintain their development and progression

Epistemic ʔilla and Deontic ʔilla in Jordanian Arabic Converge or Diverge in their Semantics and Syntax?

Hamed Abdelhamiyd Aljeradat — 2024-04-23

The goal of this study is to investigate the semantics and the syntax of the epistemic modal ʔilla in Jordanian Arabic (JA) and find-out if epistemic ʔilla and deontic ʔilla are comparable in their semantics and syntax. As for its semantics, it draws an inference based on previous knowledge and experience to expresses certainty. The proposal was that the epistemic and the deontic modal force that ʔilla has come as an extension of the exclusive focus property this modal particle has. With regard to its distribution, epistemic ʔilla appears in two patterns. A mono-clausal structure is assumed for ʔilla In Pattern 1. In Pattern 2, ʔilla comes before the copular verb kuun ‘be’ to be necessarily followed with any of the components of a declarative clause. In this pattern, the modal and the copular verb are assumed to be in a TP, and the complement of the copular verb is in a lower TP. The subject is able to raise to the higher TP. The epistemic modal may not occur in non-declarative clauses, as they cannot be judged true or false.

The Relationship between Budget Deficit , Public Debt and Economic Growth in Jordan during the Period (1990-2018)

Hossam El-Din Ali Daoud — 2024-04-23

The main goal of the present study is to analyze the relationship between the budget deficit and the growth of public debt. It also aims at showing the contribution of the current and capital expenditures of the central government on the increase in public debt and economic growth in Jordan during the period (1990-2018). The results of Bounds Test show that there is long-run relationship between budget deficit and public debt. The causality test indicates that there is a unidirectional causality from budget deficit to public debt in the long-run.Using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) methodology, the study found that the budget deficit has a significant effect on the public debt, which suggests that the government total revenues failed to cover the increasing governmental expenditures. As a result, the budget deficit increases in Jordan and the use of borrowing arises so as to cover the current expenditures.

Using the FMOLS methodology, the study found that the change on the rate of public debt is more sensitive to current expenditures than to capital expenditures. Moreover, elasticity of economic growth for current expenditure is higher than than its elasticity for capital spending..

The study recommended the need to focus on the capital expenditures more than on the current expenditures and public consumption to sustain financing the budget deficit at the national level. In order for debt to be sustainable in the long term, the study recommended that current spending be financed through government revenues, that it be subject to economic feasibility standards, and that unnecessary spending be limited, while public investment should be financed through borrowing.

Risk Modeling, Return Forecasting, and Optimal Portfolio Selection

Fawaz Khalid Al Shawawreh — 2024-04-23

The main objective of this research is to form an optimal investment portfolio consisting of a number of stocks selected according to specific criteria in Amman Stock Exchange and to test the ability of a various economic models to predict the performance of this portfolio in the foreseeable future. A time series for the return of the selected portfolio and for the return of a market index are formed. A set of tests were conducted to reach a stationary time series return and, then, to follow the Box-Jenkins methodology in order to build predictive models (ARMA) and to examine the residuals of models and to model them using ARCH and GARCH models to reach the best prediction of the performance of the portfolio and the market index in the forecasted periods. The data were tracked on a daily basis for the study sample and the market index simultaneously for a period of three years. Twenty-one companies were selected in the investment portfolio distributed among several sectors. The study concluded that the formed portfolio achieved a good diversification and gave a high return in relation to the lowest possible risk according to the Sharpe scale. Also, it is concluded that the model ARMA (1,1) is the most suitable for estimating market portfolio returns and forecasting risks for the market index return, and ARMA (2,1) and the model ARMA - GARCH are the most capable one of achieving good results that can be relied upon in tracking the performance of the studied investment portfolio.

The Body patterns and their relationship with sports` injuries for Jordan Women`s Pro-league footballers

Issam Najeh Abu Shehab — 2024-04-23

This study aimed to identify body patterns and their relationship to sports` injuries among the players in the Jordanian Women’s Professional Football League. The researchers used the descriptive survey method which fits the nature and the goals of the study. The study sample consisted of (48) female players who were purposively selected, and and who represented (7) professional clubs for the 2019/2020 season.The researchers used in this study the percentages, frequencies, and multiple analysis of variance (Multiple Anova) The results show that the most common body pattern is the slim since; there are 23 footballers who belong to this pattern with a percentage of (47.9%) from the total number of the injured footballers. The most common injury found among the injured footballers was the knee ligament injury (anterior cruciate ligament tear), which represented the highest percentage of the total number of the injuries with a percentage of (24.74%). The most common cause of the injuries was roughness and violent play, which came first with a percentage of ( 47.42%). The results show the existence of statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α≤ 0.05) in the number of sports injuries that the footballers were exposed to depending on the variables of physical pattern, the period of injury, years of experience, and playing center); the differences due to the variable of psyical patternwere in favor of the fatty pattern and in favor of the competition period. As for the variable of experience, the differences were in favor of the less experience (less than 5 years) and in favor of the midfielder. The researchers recommended not neglecting injuries, no matter how simple, in order to avoid future complications in which the injury develops into a chronic injury that will be difficult to treat in the future.

The Effect of a Proposed Training Program on Some Elements of Physical Fitness among Students of the Athletics Training Course at Yarmouk University

Mohammad Adel Maqableh — 2024-04-23

The study aimed to identify the effect of a proposed training program on some elements of physical fitness among students of the athletics training course at Yarmouk University. The researchers used the experimental approach, and the study sample consisted of twenty (N= 20) students at Yarmouk University during the first semester of the academic year 2019-2020, who were purposively chosen. The samples were divided into two equal groups: experimental and control groups, with (10) students in each group. To analyze the results, means, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient, paired samples t Test for double samples, and independent samples t Test were used. The results showed statistically significant differences related to the effect of the training program in relation to all study variables between the pre- and post- measurements of the two groups, in favor of the post measurement. The results further showed statistically significant differences among the post measurements in relation to all the study variables between the experimental and control groups in favor of the experimental group. The researchers recommended that the training program should be generalized to the athletics coaches in the Jordanian universities.

The Effect of Studying Citizenship Course on Developing National Belonging among Yarmouk University Students

Omar Saleh Al-Omari — 2024-04-23

The study aimed at identifying the effect of studying a citizenship course on developing national belonging among a sample of Yarmouk University students in the light of the variables of gender and the level of income. The study sample consisted of (80) students, divided into two groups: the experimental group, which involved (40) students enrolling in the citizenship course during the second semester of the academic year 2018-2019, and the control group, which involved 40 who has not yet enrolled in the citizenship course. To achieve the goals of the study, the measure of national belonging was prepared by the researchers. The results of the study showed that there was a statistically significant effect of the study of the citizenship course on developing national belonging in favor of the experimental group. The mean of the experimental group was 3.90, at a high level; whereas the mean of the control group was 3.57. The results also showed that there was no statistically significant effect on national belonging due to the variables of gender and income level.

The Level of Including Jurisprudence of Reality inIslamic Education Textbooks for the Secondary Stage in Jordan

Abdullah Ali Daghesh Al-Jazi — 2024-04-23

The study aimed to identify the level of including jurisprudence of reality in Islamic education textbooks for the secondary stage in Jordan. The study sample consisted of Islamic education textbooks for the secondary school grades in Jordan in the academic year 2020/2021. To achieve the objectives of the study, a list of issues of jurisprudence of reality was prepared, including six main areas, under each of which falls a set of issues of jurisprudence of reality. In the light of these issues, the textbooks were analyzed after checking its sequometry properties. The most prominent results were that the textbooks of Islamic education for the secondary stage in Jordan included (166) occurrences of issues pertinent to the jurisprudence of reality issues in their content, The highest rate of the jurisprudence of reality reported was in the (cultural, intellectual and mathematical) area. The number of the occurrences for this are reached ( 67), with a percentage of 40%, while the lowest reported rate was for the area of (worship), which recorded approximately (7) occurrences, with an approximate percentage of (4%). The study recommended the need for balance in distributing jurisprudence of reality issues in Islamic education textbooks for the secondary stage

The Predictive Ability of Test Wiseness for Cognitive Test Anxiety among University Students in Jordan

Fouad Taha Talafha — 2024-04-23

The study aimed at exploring the predictive ability of test wiseness for cognitive test anxiety among university students in Jordan registering in the second semester of the academic year (2020/2021). To achieve the goals of this study, two scales (tests) were developed. The first one is the test wiseness and the second is the cognitive test anxiety scale. The psychometric properties of both of these tests were validated.

The questionnaires were distributed electronically using the available electronic means to the sample of the study thar involved (300) female and male students at Mutah University students covering different human, scientific and medical colleges. The results of the study showed that students’ competency of wiseness skills were high for both genders. However, there was a difference in students’ competency of wiseness in favour of students in human colleges. The study also revealed that both genders scored at the medium level in the cognitive test anxiety along with a difference in the degree of cognitive test anxiety according to the academic specialty in favor of medical colleges. Additionally, the results showed a negative relationship between the level of test wiseness and the cognitive test anxiety as the correlation coefficient was (-0.767), which enables the wiseness of the test to explain (59%) of Cognitive test anxiety. Based on these results, the study recommended relying on the level of test wisdom to predict the level of cognitive test anxiety

The Role of Government Policies in Combating the Crime of Money Laundering in the State of Palestine

Raja Muhammad Raja Ahmed — 2024-04-23

This study aimed to identify the efficiency and the adequacy of government policies in combating money laundering crime to point out the level of coordination between the relevant authorities in combating the crime of money laundering, to monitor the challenges facing the fight against the crime of money laundering, and to highlight the experiences of other countries in combating this crime. The importance of the study lies in answering the main question: to what extent do government policies contribute to combating money laundering crime in the State of Palestine? The importance of the study also appears in the seriousness of the crime of money laundering; it is estimated that it has reached 6% of the Palestinian GDP. To achieve the goals of the study, it followed the descriptive analytical approach by running a survey that involved conducting 9 interviews with relevant and specialized persons in the field of combating money laundering. In addition to using the purposeful sampling technique by distributing 54 questionnaires to employees in the specialized institutions, in addition to using the content analysis method. The researchers reached several results, the most important of which were that the effectiveness of government policies affects the fight against the crime to a high degree, at a rate of 81 percent and that the government policies specialized in combating the crime are sufficient to a high degree, at a rate of 78 percent. In addition, there is coordination to a moderate degree, at a rate of 67.7%, between the relevant authorities in combating the crime of money laundering. The most prominent recommendations were the need to expedite the publication of reports related to the crime of money laundering in all its details.